Growing arugula in containers offers numerous benefits, making it an ideal choice for both novice and seasoned gardeners. Containers allow for greater control over soil quality, drainage, and exposure to pests compared to traditional ground planting. This control helps ensure that arugula, a leafy green that thrives in well-draining, nutrient-rich soil, grows vigorously and remains tender.
Additionally, growing arugula in containers makes it possible to position the plants in the perfect balance of sunlight and shade, which is essential for preventing the leaves from becoming too bitter due to excessive heat. The mobility of containers also means that they can be moved indoors or under cover during harsh weather, extending the growing season and protecting the crop.
Another advantage of container gardening is space efficiency, making it accessible to those with limited yard space or who live in apartments with balconies. Arugula’s compact growth habit allows it to thrive in small pots, window boxes, or vertical garden setups. Harvesting is convenient when growing in containers, as the plants are raised to a more accessible level, reducing the need for bending or kneeling.
Moreover, the proximity of arugula to the home encourages frequent harvesting, promoting continuous growth and fresh supply. Container-grown arugula also reduces the risk of soil-borne diseases, and with proper care, it can be part of a succession planting plan to enjoy multiple harvests throughout the year.
Growing Arugula in Pots
Arugula, also known as “rocket” or “roquette,” is a fast-growing, peppery leafy green that thrives in containers. It’s perfect for small spaces like balconies, patios, or windowsills. Growing arugula in containers allows for easy management, pest control, and quick harvesting. Here’s a complete guide to help you cultivate this nutritious green successfully.
1. Choosing the Right Container
Container Size
- Depth: A container that is at least 6-8 inches deep is ideal. Arugula has a shallow root system, so it doesn’t need deep soil.
- Width: A container that’s at least 12 inches wide allows for multiple plants or successive plantings.
Material
- Plastic, terracotta, wood, or fabric grow bags all work well.
- Ensure your container has drainage holes to prevent waterlogging.
2. Selecting the Right Soil
- Use a well-draining potting mix rich in organic matter.
- Avoid garden soil, as it can compact in containers and retain too much moisture.
- For an added boost, mix in some compost or worm castings.
Soil pH
- Arugula thrives in a slightly acidic to neutral pH range of 6.0 to 7.0.
3. Choosing Arugula Varieties
Some popular arugula varieties to consider:
- Standard Arugula (Eruca vesicaria): Traditional peppery flavor.
- Wild Arugula (Diplotaxis tenuifolia): Spicier and more heat-tolerant.
- Wasabi Arugula: Offers a wasabi-like kick.
- Astro Arugula: Milder flavor and slower to bolt.
4. Planting Arugula
When to Plant
- Cool-Season Crop: Arugula grows best in spring and fall.
- Can tolerate light frosts but bolts (goes to seed) in hot weather.
- Succession Planting: Plant new seeds every 2-3 weeks for a continuous harvest.
How to Plant
- Fill your container with potting mix, leaving about 1 inch of space at the top.
- Scatter seeds evenly on the soil surface or plant them in rows.
- Spacing: Sow seeds ¼ inch deep and 1 inch apart.
- Water gently to moisten the soil without disturbing the seeds.
- Thin seedlings to about 3-4 inches apart once they sprout (usually within 5-10 days).
5. Watering Arugula
- Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy.
- Water when the top ½ inch of soil feels dry.
- Arugula prefers regular watering to maintain tender leaves.
Tips
- Avoid overhead watering to prevent diseases.
- Use a watering can or a gentle spray setting on a hose.
6. Sunlight Requirements
- Arugula needs 4-6 hours of direct sunlight daily.
- In hot weather, provide partial shade to prevent bolting.
- Indoor arugula can grow near a south-facing window or under grow lights.
7. Fertilizing Arugula
- Arugula is a light feeder. Too much fertilizer can reduce its flavor.
- Apply a balanced liquid fertilizer (e.g., 10-10-10) every 3-4 weeks.
- Alternatively, top-dress with compost halfway through the growing season.
8. Pest and Disease Management
Common Pests
- Flea Beetles: Small holes in leaves.
- Aphids: Tiny insects on the undersides of leaves.
- Cabbage Worms: Green caterpillars that chew large holes.
Prevention & Control
- Use floating row covers to deter pests.
- Apply a mild soap spray or neem oil to control aphids.
- Hand-pick caterpillars and rinse off aphids.
Diseases
- Downy Mildew and Powdery Mildew can occur in overly wet conditions.
- Ensure proper air circulation and avoid overhead watering.
9. Harvesting Arugula
- Arugula is ready to harvest in 4-6 weeks after sowing.
- Pick leaves when they are 2-4 inches long for the best flavor.
- Harvest using the “cut-and-come-again” method: Cut outer leaves and let the center continue to grow.
- If arugula begins to bolt (produce flowers), the leaves become bitter but are still edible.
Storing Arugula
- Store freshly harvested arugula in a plastic bag with a paper towel in the refrigerator.
- Use within 3-5 days for the best taste.
10. Growing Tips and Troubleshooting
Common Issues
- Bolting: Arugula bolts quickly in hot weather. To prevent this, grow in cooler seasons or provide shade.
- Bitter Leaves: Often caused by bolting or inconsistent watering. Harvest early for milder leaves.
- Yellowing Leaves: Could indicate overwatering or nutrient deficiency.
Quick Tips
- Rotate crops if growing in the same container.
- Keep arugula well-ventilated to avoid fungal diseases.
- Grow arugula alongside herbs like cilantro or parsley for companion planting benefits.
With the right conditions and care, arugula can be a rewarding crop to grow in containers. Whether you’re a beginner or an experienced gardener, you’ll enjoy fresh, peppery greens right at your fingertips. Happy growing!
FAQs
Spring or early fall are ideal times. Arugula grows best in cooler temperatures between 45°F to 65°F (7°C to 18°C).
Scatter seeds about ¼ inch (0.5 cm) deep and space them around 1-2 inches (2-5 cm) apart. Lightly cover with soil and water gently.
Keep the soil consistently moist but not soggy. Water when the top inch of soil feels dry.
Arugula doesn’t require heavy feeding. A balanced, organic fertilizer or compost every 3-4 weeks should be sufficient.
Use the cut-and-come-again method: snip the outer leaves, allowing the center to continue growing. Harvest when leaves are about 2-4 inches (5-10 cm) long.
Yes! Arugula can be grown indoors if placed near a sunny window or under grow lights for 4-6 hours daily.
You can continue growing arugula as long as the conditions are cool. For successive harvests, replant every 2-3 weeks.
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