Leeks. Unassuming name, but seriously underrated. If you’ve never tasted one, think of a mellow, sweet onion that skipped all the harshness and became the most versatile member of the allium family. A bit like garlic’s gentler cousin, leeks bring a subtle, savory flavor to any dish, and they’ve earned their spot in everything from soups to sautés. Honestly, they might just be the unsung hero of your kitchen.
They grow easily in cool weather, and here’s the kicker—they actually get better the longer you leave them in the ground. Plant them in the early spring, and you could be harvesting well into winter. But don’t get too fancy with them—leeks like their space. They’ll thrive best if you give them a good patch of earth to stretch out their roots.
And if you’ve never grown them before, a little patience goes a long way. They don’t mind a bit of shade to start, and they’ll need a bit of water—plus, a little nudge from you during those first few months helps too. Once established, though, they’re tough.
The plant itself? Elegant. Long, slender stalks with a bit of green at the top, adding a touch of rustic charm to any garden. And did I mention they’re a powerhouse of vitamins and antioxidants? That’s a bonus for anyone looking to add a little extra goodness to their meals.
How to Grow Leeks
Growing leeks is a rewarding process that requires some planning and care. Below is a step-by-step guide to get you started.
Planting Leeks
- Timing: Start seeds indoors about 8-10 weeks before the last expected frost or sow directly outdoors after the danger of frost has passed. In milder climates, leeks can also be planted in the fall for a winter or spring harvest.
- Location: Choose a location with full sun and well-drained soil. Leeks prefer slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 6.0-7.0).
- Soil Preparation: Work compost or well-rotted manure into the soil before planting. Leeks thrive in nutrient-rich soil.
- Planting Depth and Spacing: Plant seeds ¼ inch deep in rows. If transplanting seedlings, set them 6-8 inches apart in rows spaced 12 inches apart. Plant seedlings in a trench about 6 inches deep to blanch the stems as they grow, filling in the trench gradually as the plants develop.
Growing Leeks
- Watering: Leeks require consistent moisture. Water regularly, especially during dry periods, to ensure steady growth.
- Fertilizing: Side-dress with compost or a balanced fertilizer (10-10-10) every 4-6 weeks during the growing season.
- Mulching: Apply mulch around the plants to retain moisture and suppress weeds.
- Blanching: To produce tender, white stems (the part of the leek that is eaten), mound soil around the base of the plants as they grow, or plant them in deep trenches that you gradually fill in.
Harvesting Leeks
- Timing: Leeks can be harvested when they reach the desired size, typically when the stems are about 1 inch in diameter. They take about 120-150 days to mature from seed.
- Method: Use a garden fork to gently lift the leeks from the soil, being careful not to damage the stems. If the soil is dry, water it before harvesting to make lifting easier.
- Storing: Leeks can be stored in the refrigerator for 1-2 weeks. They can also be blanched and frozen for longer storage.
Pest and Disease Management
- Common Pests: Leeks can be affected by onion maggots and thrips. Row covers can help protect young plants.
- Diseases: Watch for signs of fungal diseases like rust or downy mildew. Ensure good air circulation and avoid overhead watering to minimize these risks.
Tips for Success
- Companion Planting: Leeks grow well with carrots, celery, and beets. Avoid planting near beans and peas.
- Succession Planting: For a continuous harvest, plant leeks every few weeks throughout the growing season.
Leeks Growing Zone
Leeks are a cool-season crop that grow best in USDA Hardiness Zones 7 to 9. They can tolerate frost and even survive in temperatures as low as 20°F (-6°C), making them suitable for planting in areas with mild winters.
Here are some guidelines based on zones:
- Zones 7-9: Leeks can be grown over winter and harvested in early spring.
- Zones 3-6: Leeks should be planted in early spring for a fall harvest, as they may not survive harsh winters.
- Zone 10 and above: In warmer climates, leeks can be planted in late summer or early fall for a winter harvest.
Growing Leeks FAQ
Leeks are a type of vegetable that belongs to the allium family, which includes onions, garlic, and shallots. They have a mild, sweet flavor and are often used in soups, stews, and other dishes.
Leeks are typically planted in early spring for a summer harvest or in late summer for an autumn harvest. They require a long growing season, usually around 120 to 150 days.
Start leek seeds indoors about 8-10 weeks before the last expected frost date. Sow seeds in trays or pots filled with seed-starting mix, lightly cover them with soil, and keep the soil moist. Transplant seedlings outside when they are about the thickness of a pencil.
Yes, leeks can be grown from seedlings. You can buy young leek plants from a nursery or garden center and transplant them directly into your garden.
Yes. Start by cutting off the bottom 2 inches of a leek, ensuring it includes the root base. Place this section in a shallow dish with just enough water to cover the roots, and set it on a sunny windowsill. Change the water every couple of days to keep it fresh. Within a week, you’ll notice new green shoots emerging from the top.
In mild climates, leeks can sometimes overwinter and regrow the following year. Some gardeners also grow perennial varieties like ‘Elephant’ leeks, which can be harvested continuously.
Start by filling the container with well-draining soil. Plant leek seedlings or seeds about 6 inches apart to allow room for growth. Water them regularly. As the leeks grow, mound soil or mulch around the stems to blanch the lower parts, which results in tender, white stalks.
When growing leeks, it’s recommended to space them about 6 inches apart in rows that are 12 to 18 inches apart. This allows for approximately 4 leeks per square foot if planted in a grid pattern. If you stagger the rows slightly, you might be able to fit in more, but 4 per square foot is a good average for proper growth.
Leeks are usually ready to harvest when they reach a diameter of 1-2 inches, depending on the variety. This typically occurs 120-150 days after planting. They can be harvested as needed, even into the winter in mild climates.
Sign up to get our FREE weekly emails
Gardening guides, tips, & videos delivered right to your inbox!
